| | ... Thermodynamics part 3: Kelvin scale and Ideal gas law example (Opens a modal) Thermodynamics part 4: Moles and the ideal gas law (Opens a modal) | Lalit Sardana Sir The change in the internal energy, Î U , of a system relates to energy, Q , in the form of heat, added to the system, and in the form of mechanical work, W , that leaves, or is done by the system. Then the work done on the working substance is, question_answer68) A Carnot engine takes $3\times {{10}^{6}}cal.$ of heat from a reservoir at $\,627{}^\circ C,$and gives it to a sink at $27{}^\circ C.$ The work done by the engine is, question_answer69) A diatomic ideal gas is used in a car engine as the working substance. Choose the correct statement(s). At what volume will the entropy of gas be maximum? It is found that work done on the gas is 70% higher than what would be on an ideal gas. 3 sec, OTP has been sent to your mobile number and is valid for one hour, When an ideal monoatomic gas is heated at constant pressure, the fraction of the heat energy supplied which increases the internal energy of the gas is, The internal energy change in a system that has absorbed 2 Kcal of heat and done 500 J of work is, In a given process on an ideal gas, $dW=0$and $dQ\text{ }<\text{ }0.$Then for the gas, Unit mass of a liquid with volume ${{V}_{1}}$ is completely changed into a gas of volume K, at a constant external pressure P and temperature T. If the latent heat of evaporation for the given mass is L, then the increase in the internal energy of the system is, Two kg of water is converted into steam by boiling at atmospheric pressure. If Q is positive, the system has gained energy (by heating).. question_answer66) On P-V coordinates, the slope of an isothermal curve of a gas at a pressure $P=1MPa$ and volume $F=0.0025{{m}^{3}}$ is equal to$-400\text{ }MPa/{{m}^{3}}$ . The initial pressure and volume of the gas are ${{10}^{5}}N/{{m}^{2}}$ and 6 liter respectively. What will be the final pressure if an ideal gas in a cylinder is compressed adiabatically to $\frac{1}{3}rd$ of its volume? | question_answer63) In the following P-V adiabatic cut two isothermals at temperatures ${{T}_{1}}$and ${{T}_{2}}$(fig). Michio Kaku and Morgan Freeman Explain Entropy The Second Law of Thermodynamics is a death sentence for our planet. | Free Videos, Contact Us | See more. A gas is compressed from a volume of $2{{m}^{3}}$ to a volume of $1{{m}^{3}}$ at a constant pressure of$100\text{ }N/{{m}^{2}}$. In the P-V diagram, I is the initial state and F is the final state. If the ratio of specific heats of this gas at constant pressure and at constant volume is 5/3, the final temperature of gas will be, In pressure-volume diagram, the isochoric, isothermal, isobaric and iso-entropic parts respectively, are. Test Series | During another process it does 25J of work and its temperature decreases by 5K. The pressure-volume diagram shows six curved paths that can be followed by the gas (connected by vertical paths). This implies that, question_answer40) A mass of diatomic gas $(\gamma =1.4)$at a pressure of 2 atmospheres is compressed adiabatically so that its temperature rises from $27{}^\circ C$ to $927{}^\circ C$. However, if you hone in on the most important thermodynamic formulas and equations, get comfortable converting from one unit of physical measurement to another, and become familiar with the physical constants related to thermodynamics, youâll be at the head of the class. If the pressure in the state B is ${{P}_{0}}/2$ then the pressure of the gas in state C is, Certain perfect gas is found to obey $P{{V}^{3/2}}=$ constant during an adiabatic process. The key concept is that heat is a form of energy corresponding to a definite amount of mechanical work. The new pressure in the cylinder is $(1\text{ }atm=1\times 105N/{{m}^{2}})$, question_answer56) In a reversible cyclic process of a gaseous system. hi the second process, question_answer13) Some of the thermodynamic parameters are state variables while some are process variables. Study Packages Choose from 500 different sets of thermodynamics physics flashcards on Quizlet. It was born in the 19th century as scientists were first discovering how to build and operate steam engines. | A thermodynamic system undergoes cyclic process ABCDA as shown in fig. Small scale gas interactions are described by the kinetic theory of gases. Study Packages The work done by gas in going from state B to C is double the work done by gas in going from state A to B. The temperature of the gas is (use ln 9 = 2 and$R=\frac{25}{3}J/mol-K$), A gas is expanded from volume ${{V}_{0}}$ to $2{{V}_{0}}$ under three different processes. | Free Question Bank for 11th Class Physics Thermodynamical Processes Thermodynamics Conceptual Problems | Free Question Bank for JEE Main & Advanced Physics Thermodynamical Processes Sample Papers The heat absorbed by the gas is-, During an isothermal expansion, a confined ideal gas does -150 J of work against its surroundings. BBC: How a sandcastle reveals the end of all things â Wonders of the Universe Entropy via sandcastles: children of all ages channel their inner preschooler to probe the Second Law of Thermodynamics. W along the path ibf is. About Process 1 is isobaric process, process 2 is isothermal and process is adiabatic. branch of physics which is concerned with the relationship between other forms of energy and heat Thermodynamics deals only with the large scale response of a system which we can observe and measure in experiments. The relation between U, P and V for an ideal gas in an adiabatic process is given by relation $U=\text{ }a+bPV.$ Find the value of adiabatic exponent $\left( \gamma \right)$of this gas. In which of the process is the amount of work done by the gas greater? The volume of 1 g of steam is 1671 cc and the latent heat of evaporation is 540 cal. Why Studyadda? Privacy Policy OTP has been sent to your mobile number and is valid for one hour question_answer34) During an adiabatic process an object does 100 J of work and its temperature decreases by 5K. If ${{C}_{p}}/{{C}_{v}}=1.4,$ the slope of the adiabatic curve passing through this point is: question_answer67) A refrigerator with coefficient of performance releases 200 J of heat to a hot reservoir. The change in entropy: question_answer89) In Carnot engine efficiency is 40% at hot reservoir temperature T. For efficiency 50% what will be temperature of hot reservoir? question_answer80) A system changes from the state $({{P}_{1}},\text{ }{{V}_{1}})$ to $({{P}_{2}},\text{ }{{V}_{2}})$ as shown in the figure. [Latent heat of vaporization of steam = 540 cal, question_answer61) If an air conditioner is put in the middle of a room and started working. If the gas is taken from state A to B via process in which the net heat absorbed by the system is 12 cal, then the net work done by the system is $\left( 1\text{ }cal=4.19J \right)$, A Carnot engine is working between $127{}^\circ C$ and $27{}^\circ C.~$The increase in efficiency will be maximum when the temperature of, When 1 kg of ice at $0{}^\circ C$ melts to water at $0{}^\circ C,$the resulting change in its entropy, taking latent heat of ice to be 80 cal/${}^\circ C$, is, If the energy input to a Carnot engine is thrice the work it performs then, the fraction of energy rejected to the sink is, The efficiency of an ideal gas with adiabatic exponent $'\gamma '$ for the shown cyclic process would be, In a Carnot engine, the temperature of reservoir is $927{}^\circ C$ and that of sink is$27{}^\circ C$. FAQ FAQ This implies that, A mass of diatomic gas $(\gamma =1.4)$at a pressure of 2 atmospheres is compressed adiabatically so that its temperature rises from $27{}^\circ C$ to $927{}^\circ C$. The cycle consists of three steps: (i) an isothermal expansion $(a\to b),$ (ii) an isobaric compression $(b\to c),$ and (iii) a constant volume increases in pressure $(c\to a).$ If ${{T}_{a}}=400K,$ ${{P}_{a}}=4atm,$and ${{P}_{b}}={{P}_{c}},=1atm,$ the work done by the gas per cycle is, A 500 ml sealed cylinder contains nitrogen at a pressure of 1 atm. A system changes from the state $({{P}_{1}},\text{ }{{V}_{1}})$ to $({{P}_{2}},\text{ }{{V}_{2}})$ as shown in the figure. Test Series The amount of heat supplied to the gas in the process 1, 2, 3 and 4 are ${{Q}_{1}}$, ${{Q}_{2}}$, ${{Q}_{3}}$ and ${{Q}_{4}}$ respectively, then correct order of heat supplied to the gas is [AB is process-1, AC is process-2, AD is adiabatic process-3 and AE is process-4]. The gas goes from I to F by (i) IAF, (ii) IBF, (iii) ICE The heat absorbed by the gas is, A closed system undergoes a process $1\to 2$ for which the values ${{W}_{1-2}}$ and ${{Q}_{1-2}}$ are 50 kJ and - 20 kJ respectively. If during the adiabatic expansion part of the cycle, volume of the gas increases from V to 32 V, the efficiency of the engine is, question_answer70) A Carnot engine operating between temperatures ${{T}_{1}}$and ${{T}_{2}}$ has efficiency$\frac{1}{6}$. [Given ${{(3)}^{5/3}}=\text{ }6.19$]. | | question_answer44) A certain diatomic gas has the same specific heats as an ideal gas but a slightly different equation of state:$PV=R(T+\alpha {{T}^{2}}),$$\alpha =0.001{{K}^{-1}}.$The temperature of the gas is raised from ${{T}_{1}}=300K$to ${{T}_{2}}$ at constant pressure. At what volume will the entropy of gas be maximum? An ideal gas is subjected to cyclic process involving four thermodynamic states, the amounts of heat (Q) and work (W) involved in each of these states ${{Q}_{1}}=6000J;{{Q}_{2}}=-5500J;{{Q}_{3}}=-3000J$ ${{Q}_{4}}=+\,3500J$ ${{W}_{1}}=2500J;{{W}_{2}}=-1000J;{{W}_{3}}=-1200J$ ${{W}_{4}}=xJ$ The ratio of the net work done by the gas to the total heat absorbed by the gas is $\eta$. Then. The heat absorbed by the gas is-, question_answer39) During an isothermal expansion, a confined ideal gas does -150 J of work against its surroundings. Then ${{T}_{1}}$and ${{T}_{2}}$ are, respectively, question_answer71) If the co-efficient of performance of a refrigerator is 5 and operates at the room temperature the temperature inside the refrigerator is, question_answer72) The temperature-entropy diagram of a reversible engine cycle is given in the figure. If a given mass of an ideal gas followed a relation VT = constant during a process, then which of the following graphs correctly represents the process? An inventor claims its efficiency to be 26%, then: question_answer60) A steam engine takes 0.1 kg of steam at $100{}^\circ C$ per minute and cools it down to $20{}^\circ C.$What is the heat rejected by the steam engine per second? For an ideal gas graph is shown for three processes, Process 1, 2 and 3 are respectively. As a result, the internal energy of the gas: question_answer7) The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon, question_answer8) Thermodynamics is concerned in part with transformations between, question_answer9) 110 joules of heat is added to a gaseous system, whose internal energy is 40J; then the amount of external work done is, question_answer10) The change in internal energy of a thermo- dynamical system which has absorbed 2 kcal of heat and done 400 J of work is $(1\text{ }cal=4.2J)$, question_answer11) If the amount of heat given to a system is 35 J and the amount of work done on the system is 15 J, then the change in internal energy of the system is, question_answer12) A perfect gas goes from a state A to another state B by absorbing $8\times {{10}^{5}}J$ of heat and doing $6.5\times {{10}^{5}}J$ of external work. Newtonâs law of cooling is another important topic studied under the thermodynamics of physics. The laws of thermodynamics were developed over the years as some of the most fundamental rules which are followed when a thermodynamic system goes through some sort of energy change. JEE NEET Study Material : Notes , Assignment. The work done in the process ABC is. question_answer41) One mole of an ideal gas goes from an initial stated to final state B via two processes: It first undergoes isothermal expansion from volume V to 3 V and then its volume is reduced from 3V to Fat constant pressure. About The pressure inside a tyre is 4 times that of atmosphere. Notification If the work done by the engine when it transfers heat from reservoir to sink is $12.6\times {{10}^{6}}J,$ the quantity of heat absorbed by the engine from the reservoir is. As a result, the internal energy of the gas: The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon, Thermodynamics is concerned in part with transformations between, 110 joules of heat is added to a gaseous system, whose internal energy is 40J; then the amount of external work done is, The change in internal energy of a thermo- dynamical system which has absorbed 2 kcal of heat and done 400 J of work is $(1\text{ }cal=4.2J)$, If the amount of heat given to a system is 35 J and the amount of work done on the system is 15 J, then the change in internal energy of the system is, A perfect gas goes from a state A to another state B by absorbing $8\times {{10}^{5}}J$ of heat and doing $6.5\times {{10}^{5}}J$ of external work. Amazing Facts CBSE Class 11 Chemistry , CBSE Class 11 Physics. The change in its internal energy is $({{C}_{v}}=10kJ/kg.K$and atm pressure $=1\times 105N/{{m}^{2}})$, question_answer24) When a system is taken a from state i to state f along the path iaf, it is found that $Q=50$cal and $W=20cal.$, Along the path ibf $Q=36$cal. If the gas is taken from state A to B via process in which the net heat absorbed by the system is 12 cal, then the net work done by the system is $\left( 1\text{ }cal=4.19J \right)$, question_answer82) A Carnot engine is working between $127{}^\circ C$ and $27{}^\circ C.~$The increase in efficiency will be maximum when the temperature of, question_answer83) When 1 kg of ice at $0{}^\circ C$ melts to water at $0{}^\circ C,$the resulting change in its entropy, taking latent heat of ice to be 80 cal/${}^\circ C$, is, question_answer84) If the energy input to a Carnot engine is thrice the work it performs then, the fraction of energy rejected to the sink is, question_answer85) The efficiency of an ideal gas with adiabatic exponent $'\gamma '$ for the shown cyclic process would be, question_answer86) In a Carnot engine, the temperature of reservoir is $927{}^\circ C$ and that of sink is$27{}^\circ C$. An inventor claims its efficiency to be 26%, then: A steam engine takes 0.1 kg of steam at $100{}^\circ C$ per minute and cools it down to $20{}^\circ C.$What is the heat rejected by the steam engine per second? From a general summary to chapter summaries to explanations of famous quotes, the SparkNotes Introduction to Thermodynamics Study Guide has everything you â¦ The correct P-F diagram representing the two processes is: question_answer42) One mole of an ideal gas at an initial temperature of T K does 6R joules of word adiabatically. The temperature of gas at c and d are 300 K and 500 K. calculate the heat absorbed by the gas during the process. When the state of a gas adiabatically changed from an equilibrium state A to another equilibrium state B an amount of work done on the system is 35 J. I have started study adda physics notes,studyadda physics jee,mechanical engineering notes pdf,gate notes for mechanical engineering. question_answer21) Which of the following holds good for an isochoric process? The cycle consists of three steps: (i) an isothermal expansion $(a\to b),$ (ii) an isobaric compression $(b\to c),$ and (iii) a constant volume increases in pressure $(c\to a).$ If ${{T}_{a}}=400K,$ ${{P}_{a}}=4atm,$and ${{P}_{b}}={{P}_{c}},=1atm,$ the work done by the gas per cycle is, question_answer55) A 500 ml sealed cylinder contains nitrogen at a pressure of 1 atm. The value of $\frac{{{V}_{a}}}{{{V}_{c}}}$ will be, question_answer64) A diatomic ideal gas undergoes a thermodynamic change according to the P-V diagram shown in the figure. What is the work done by the system? An ideal gas has temperature${{T}_{1}}$, at the initial state shown in the P- V diagram. In which of the process is the amount of work done by the gas greater? First Law of Thermodynamics This law states that energy is conserved in a closed system. Physics the study of matter, motion, energy, and force. | | question_answer88) An ideal gas has temperature${{T}_{1}}$, at the initial state shown in the P- V diagram. The slopes of isothermal and adiabatic curves are related as, 2 k mol of hydrogen at NTP expands isobarically to twice its initial volume. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics which deals with the energy and work of a system. A one mole sample of an ideal gas is carried around the thermodynamic cycle shown in the figure. Refund Policy, You need to login to perform this action.You will be redirected in During an adiabatic process an object does 100 J of work and its temperature decreases by 5K. The change in internal energy due to evaporation of 1 gm of water is. Fluid dynamics and thermodynamics are branches of physics that deal with behavior. All the topics of Heat and Thermodynamics have been prepared in accordance with the elite exams like IIT JEE (Main and Advanced). It is found that work done on the gas is 70% higher than what would be on an ideal gas. The final volume of the gas is 2 liters. [Latent heat of vaporization of steam = 540 cal, If an air conditioner is put in the middle of a room and started working. When ${{T}_{2}}$ is lowered by 62 K its efficiency increases to $\frac{1}{3}$. The temperature of the gas is (use ln 9 = 2 and$R=\frac{25}{3}J/mol-K$), question_answer77) A gas is expanded from volume ${{V}_{0}}$ to $2{{V}_{0}}$ under three different processes. Some grouping of the parameters are given. 3 sec, OTP has been sent to your mobile number and is valid for one hour. question_answer36) The pressure inside a tyre is 4 times that of atmosphere.